Hybrid system and method for reading indicia

ABSTRACT

An indicia-reading system is provided that incorporates a hybrid approach to decoding indicia such as barcodes. An indicia-capturing subsystem acquires information about indicia within the indicia-capturing subsystem&#39;s field of view. An indicia-decoding module decodes indicia information acquired by the indicia-capturing subsystem. The indicia-decoding module includes a primary, basic signal processor for initially decoding indicia information, and a secondary, advanced signal processor for decoding indicia information that is not decoded by the primary, basic signal processor.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to indicia readers, such as barcode readers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a hybrid system and method for reading indicia employing programmable-logic signal processing or software signal processing, or both.

BACKGROUND

Indicia readers, such as barcode scanners, are typically configured to acquire information from indicia and then decode that information for use in data systems. Advanced signal processing techniques beneficially aid in the decoding of indicia in circumstances where the signal representing the indicia information is outside of the nominal range. For example, reading indicia positioned at a greater distance from the indicia reader tends to increase signal interference and decrease signal strength. In such instances, greater processing power is typically needed to successfully decode insignia information. Although the advanced signal processing techniques, such as advanced computer software algorithms, often achieve improved decoding results, they can unnecessarily complicate and delay processing of signals acquired under more mundane circumstances.

Therefore, a need exists for an insignia reader capable of decoding more complex indicia information signals without sacrificing performance in decoding less complex signals.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention embraces a system for reading indicia, such as barcodes. The indicia-reading system includes an indicia-capturing subsystem for acquiring information about indicia within the indicia-capturing subsystem's field of view. The indicia-reading system also includes an indicia-decoding module. The indicia-decoding module is configured for decoding indicia information acquired by the indicia-capturing subsystem. The indicia-decoding module includes a primary, basic signal processor for initially decoding indicia information. The indicia-decoding module also includes a secondary, advanced signal processor for decoding indicia information that is not decoded by the primary signal processor.

In one exemplary embodiment, the indicia-capturing subsystem is configured to acquire information about barcode symbols within the indicia-capturing subsystem's field of view.

In another exemplary embodiment, the indicia-capturing subsystem is an imaging subsystem for capturing images within the imaging subsystem's field of view.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, the indicia-capturing subsystem is a laser scanning subsystem for scanning indicia within the laser scanning subsystem's field of view.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, the primary, basic signal processor includes a programmable controller.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, the secondary, advanced signal processor includes a computer processor in communication with an associated memory.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, the secondary, advanced signal processor includes a computer processor in communication with an associated memory, wherein the memory stores software configured to decode indicia information.

In another aspect, the present invention embraces a method for reading indicia. Information about indicia is acquired, and then the indicia information is decoded by (i) attempting to decode the indicia information via a primary, basic signal processor, and (ii) if the primary, basic signal processor cannot decode the indicia information, then the indicia information is decoded via a secondary, advanced signal processor.

In another aspect, the present invention embraces an indicia-reading method in which information about indicia is acquired. The indicia information is decoded by attempting to decode the indicia information via a primary, basic signal processor while substantially simultaneously attempting to decode the indicia information via a secondary, advanced signal processor. The substantially simultaneous decoding attempts continue until the indicia information is successfully decoded.

The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplary objectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in which the same are accomplished, are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary indicia-reading system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary indicia-reading method according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention embraces a system for reading indicia. The term indicia is intended to refer broadly to various types of machine-readable indicia, including barcodes, QR codes, matrix codes, 1D codes, 2D codes, RFID tags, characters, etc. The indicia are typically graphical representations of information (e.g., data) such as product numbers, package tracking numbers, or personnel identification numbers. The use of indicia readers to input data into a system, rather than manual data entry, results in generally faster and more reliable data entry. The indicia-reading system may embrace various kinds of devices used to read indicia, such as handheld barcode scanners, fixed-position omni-directional barcode scanners, pen-type readers, laser scanners, CCD readers, imaging scanners, and mobile devices like smartphones that are equipped to read indicia, and similar devices. The indicia-reading system according to the present invention embraces a hybrid approach to decoding indicia. An initial attempt(s) is made to decode the indicia using less sophisticated, but faster, decoding technology. If the initial attempt(s) is unsuccessful, the system employs more sophisticated technology to decode the indicia.

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary indicia-reading system 100, which includes an indicia-capturing subsystem 110. The indicia-capturing subsystem 110 acquires information about indicia within the indicia-capturing subsystem's 110 field of view. Typically, an object 112 that bears one or more indicia is placed within the field of view of the indicia-capturing subsystem 110. Alternatively, the indicia-capturing subsystem 110 is manipulated to reposition the field of view to include the object 112 bearing the indicia.

In some instances, the indicia-capturing subsystem 110 is a laser scanning subsystem that sweeps a light beam (e.g., a laser beam) across the field of view, and then receives the optical signals that reflect or scatter off the indicia. Typically, the optical signal is received using a photoreceptor (e.g., photodiode), and is converted into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is an electronic representation of the indicia information (e.g., the data represented by the indicia). When in the form of an electrical signal, this information can be processed (e.g., decoded) by the system 100.

In other instances, the indicia-capturing subsystem 110 is an imaging subsystem. The imaging subsystem captures digital images of objects 112 within the subsystem's field of view. When the indicia information takes the form of a digital image, the indicia information is typically processed through the use of image-processing software (e.g. 1D bar code, 2D bar code, postal code, and/or optical character recognition (OCR) decoding technology), which can both identify the presence of indicia in the digital image and decode the indicia. Therefore, references herein to electrical signals are intended broadly to also encompass digital images capable of being processed electronically (e.g., via an image-processing computer processor).

The indicia-reading system 100 according to the present invention may also include an indicia-decoding module 120. The indicia-decoding module 120 is configured to decode indicia information (e.g., electrical signal or digital image) acquired by the indicia-capturing subsystem 110. The indicia-decoding module includes a primary, basic signal processor 125. The primary, basic signal processor 125 is employed to make an initial attempt(s) at decoding the indicia information. Typically, the primary, basic signal processor 125 is configured to process the indicia information quickly. Typically, the primary, basic signal processor 125 is a programmable controller (e.g., programmable logic controller). Although a programmable controller may have limited signal-processing capabilities compared with more complex systems, a programmable controller's fast response time makes it suitable for this initial decoding attempt. In addition, because the system 100 does not rely on the primary, basic signal processor 125 to implement complex signal-processing methods, the configuration of the primary, basic signal processor 125 is relatively simple and less costly to manufacture.

Typically, the primary, basic signal processor 125 (e.g., programmable controller) is configured to process indicia information that is relatively simple to interpret. In other words, the primary, basic signal processor 125 handles general, fairly benign signal processing. For example, in the case of a system 100 incorporating a laser-scanning subsystem, the programmable controller would be responsible for providing general signal processing by generating edge lists for immediate decoding.

Although the primary, basic signal processor 125 is typically sufficient to decode the indicia information in about 70 percent to 80 percent of the system's 100 operating range, the remaining 20 percent to 30 percent of use cases require more complex signal processing. For example, when an indicia reader is attempting to read indicia positioned relatively far from the indicia-capturing subsystem 110, the optical signal can be compromised (e.g., through signal interference, signal loss), thereby increasing the difficulty in decoding the acquired indicia information. Similarly, when an indicia reader is attempting to read indicia positioned relatively near the indicia-capturing subsystem 110, the optical signal may be much more intense (e.g., powerful) than is typically encountered, thereby requiring additional, more complex processing to decode. Consequently, there are typically certain instances (e.g., edge cases, corner cases) where the signal-decoding performance of the primary, basic signal processor 125 is insufficient to successfully decode indicia information.

To handle indicia information that cannot be successfully decoded by the primary, basic signal processor 125, the system 100 according to the present invention typically incorporates a secondary, advanced signal processor 130. Typically, the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 is capable of executing more advanced signal-processing algorithms than the primary, basic signal processor 125 is capable of performing. Typically, the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 includes a computer processor in communication (e.g., electronic communication) with an associated memory (e.g., non-volatile computer-readable memory). More typically, the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 includes a computer processor in communication with an associated memory, wherein the memory stores software configured to decode indicia information (e.g., signal-processing software). The computer processor is configured to execute the instructions of the signal-processing software. It will be appreciated by a person of ordinary skill in the art that the incorporation of signal-processing software advantageously allows for relatively quick development, and for the designing of complex signal processing algorithms. Moreover, signal-processing software typically can be readily modified to achieve improved signal-processing results, and such modifications can often be implemented in the field (e.g., through system updates). The increased decoding power and flexibility offered by the secondary, advanced signal processor 130, however, typically comes at the cost of increased processing time. The advanced algorithms employed by the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 typically require complex calculations and data manipulation that require much more time to execute than do the functions of the typical primary, basic signal processor 125 (e.g., programmable controller). The user experiences this increased processing time as a lag between the time the user initiates a scan (e.g., by triggering the device) and the time that the indicia is decoded.

Because the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 typically takes longer to process indicia information than does the primary, basic signal processor, greater usability can be achieved by employing the system's hybrid approach to decoding indicia information. More particularly, the system 100 according to the present invention is usually configured to first attempt to decode indicia information using the primary, basic signal processor 125. Depending on the specific configuration of the system 100, which may be set at the factory and/or be adjusted by the user, the primary, basic signal processor 125 may make one or more attempts at decoding the indicia information. If the primary, basic signal processor 125 is unable to decode the indicia information, then the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 attempts to decode the indicia information. When the indicia information (e.g., electrical signal) is passed to the secondary, advanced signal processor 130, it may be in its original form, or it may be pre-processed by the primary, basic signal processor 125 into a form that can be more readily decoded by the secondary, advanced signal processor 130.

Alternatively, indicia information may be received by both the primary, basic signal processor 125 and the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 substantially simultaneously so that the primary, basic signal processor 125 and the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 may each attempt to decode the indicia information in parallel. It will be appreciated by a person of ordinary skill in the art that “substantially simultaneously” in this context means that the two processing sequences begin and/or end less than several milliseconds from each other. In this parallel arrangement, if the primary, basic signal processor 125 is able to decode the indicia information before the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 can decode the indicia information, the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 interrupts its processing to await receipt of the next indicia information. For example, the primary, basic signal processor 125 may send an instruction (e.g., an interrupt) to the secondary, advanced signal processor 125 directing it to cease attempting to decode the current indicia information. Conversely, if the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 successfully decodes the indicia information before the primary, basic signal processor 125 completes the decoding process, then the primary, basic signal processor 125 interrupts its decoding process and awaits receipt of the next indicia information for decoding. It will be appreciated by a person of ordinary skill in the art that both the primary, basic signal processor 125 and the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 may be software-based or hardware-based signal processors.

In an exemplary embodiment, the system 100 may be configured to initiate processing of indicia information by the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 only when a certain precondition(s) is satisfied. For example, the system 100 may be configured to utilize the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 only when a certain number of scans (e.g., laser sweeps, image processing attempts) have been performed (e.g., three scans). In this example, the system 100 makes three attempts to acquire indicia information and decode the indicia information. These initial three attempts are made by the primary, basic signal processor 125. If any one of these first three scans results in a successful decoding of the indicia information, the signal processing ceases, the results of the decoding are reported, and the system 100 resets and awaits the initiation of a subsequent decoding request (e.g., by the user activating a trigger). If, however, the first three scans do not result in a successful decoding of the indicia information, the system 100 switches over the signal-processing duties to the secondary, advanced signal processor 130. For all subsequent scans, the secondary, advanced signal processor 130 will continue to attempt to decode the indicia information until it reaches a predefined scan limit, whereupon it will report a scan failure. In this way, the indicia-decoding module 120 seeks first to decode indicia information using the faster primary, basic signal processor 125. In the majority (e.g., 70 percent to 80 percent) of operating scenarios, this approach will result in faster decoding because there is no time wasted on unnecessarily complicated signal-processing algorithms that are only needed in unusual circumstances (e.g., edge cases, corner cases). In those operating scenarios requiring greater signal processing capabilities to achieve successful decoding of indicia information, the system 100 retains the capability of calling upon the more sophisticated secondary, advanced signal processor 130 when needed. The result is a system 100 having indicia-decoding properties at least as great as similar readers, but featuring improved response time under most operating conditions.

Referring now to FIG. 2, in another aspect, the invention embraces an indicia-reading method 200. Indicia information is acquired 210. Typically, indicia information will include electrical signals converted from optical signals, or it will include a digital image of an object bearing indicia. Typically, indicia information is acquired by an indicia-capturing subsystem (e.g., imaging subsystem, laser scanning subsystem). The acquired indicia information is decoded (e.g., read) by attempting to decode the indicia information via a primary, basic signal processor. If the primary, basic signal processor cannot decode the indicia (e.g., within a predetermined number of scan attempts), then the acquired indicia information is decoded via a secondary, advanced signal processor 220.

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In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of the invention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited to such exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The figures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation. 

1. An indicia-reading system, comprising: an indicia-capturing subsystem for acquiring information about an indicia within the indicia-capturing subsystem's field of view; and an indicia-decoding module configured for decoding the indicia information acquired by the indicia-capturing subsystem, the indicia-decoding module comprising (i) a primary, basic signal processor for initially processing the indicia information for decoding and (ii) a secondary, advanced signal processor for processing the indicia information for decoding if the primary, basic signal processor does not successfully decode the indicia information; wherein the secondary, advanced signal processor is configured for executing a more complex signal-processing algorithm than the primary, basic signal processor.
 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the indicia-capturing subsystem is configured to acquire information about barcode symbols within the indicia-capturing subsystem's field of view.
 3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the indicia-capturing subsystem is an imaging subsystem for capturing images within the imaging subsystem's field of view.
 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the indicia-capturing subsystem is a laser scanning subsystem for scanning indicia within the laser scanning subsystem's field of view.
 5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the primary, basic signal processor comprises a programmable controller.
 6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary, advanced signal processor comprises a computer processor in communication with an associated memory.
 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary, advanced signal processor comprises a computer processor in communication with an associated memory, wherein the memory stores software configured to decode indicia information.
 8. An indicia-reading method, comprising: acquiring information about indicia; and decoding the indicia information as follows: (i) attempting to decode the indicia information via a primary, basic signal processor, and (ii) if the primary, basic signal processor cannot decode the indicia information then decoding the indicia information via a secondary, advanced signal processor; wherein the secondary, advanced signal processor is configured for executing a more complex signal-processing algorithm than the primary, basic signal processor.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the indicia information is acquired by an indicia-capturing subsystem.
 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the indicia-capturing subsystem comprises an imaging subsystem for capturing images within the imaging subsystem's field of view.
 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the indicia-capturing subsystem comprises a laser scanning subsystem for scanning indicia within the laser scanning subsystem's field of view.
 12. The method according to claim 8, wherein the primary, basic signal processor comprises a programmable controller.
 13. The method according to claim 8, wherein the secondary, advanced signal processor comprises a computer processor in communication with an associated memory.
 14. The method according to claim 8, wherein the secondary, advanced signal processor comprises a computer processor in communication with an associated memory, wherein the memory stores software configured to decode indicia information.
 15. An indicia-reading method, comprising: acquiring information about indicia; and until the indicia information is successfully decoded, attempting to decode the indicia information via a primary, basic signal processor while substantially simultaneously attempting to decode the indicia information via a secondary, advanced signal processor; wherein the secondary, advanced signal processor is configured for executing a more complex signal-processing algorithm than the primary, basic signal processor.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the indicia information is acquired by an indicia-capturing subsystem.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the indicia-capturing subsystem comprises an imaging subsystem for capturing images within the imaging subsystem's field of view.
 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the indicia-capturing subsystem comprises a laser scanning subsystem for scanning indicia within the laser scanning subsystem's field of view.
 19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the primary, basic signal processor comprises a programmable controller.
 20. The method according to claim 15, wherein the secondary, advanced signal processor comprises a computer processor in communication with an associated memory. 